Tree rescue manual | Page 6

Spur fit , sharpening and adjustment
97
Sharpening gaffs
97
Spur climbing - basic technique
99
Advancing the lanyard
100
Self-arrest
101
Passing a branch or obstacle
102
2.2.5
Work positioning
103
Work positioning using rescue climbing systems
103
Rope angle
104
Branch walking
105
Mechanical advantage systems for branch walking and work positioning
106
Branch walking with spurs
107
Lanyard use
108
2.2.6
Redirects
109
Redirect safety
110
Types of redirect
111
Setting a redirect
112
2.3 Evaluating tree anchors 114 Key terms 114
2.3.1
Evaluating forces in rescue rope systems
115
1 : Forces in ropes
115
2 : Simple mechanical advantage
115
3 : The angle rule
116
4 : The force rule
116
5 : Leverage and bending moment
119
6 : Friction
123
7 : Deflection forces
125
8 : Mechanical advantage
130
9 : Shock load
131
2.3.2
Evaluating tree structure
132
The tree as a biomechanical structure
132
Thigmomorphogenesis
133
Mechanical stress
134
Structural strength of timber
136
Branch and stem attachment
137
Strength of branch and stem unions
137
Epicormic branches
138
2.3.3
Common structural defects
139
Fungi and decay
139
Cracks , splits and other structural defects
139
Cavities and hollows
140
Root damage
141
Tree species and behaviour
142
2.3.5 Anchor point analysis chart 143
2.3.6
Alphabetical list of common tree hazards
145
Branch unions
147
Cracks or splits
147
Deadwood
148
Decay
148
Electrical conductors
149
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